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| Name | 03 | How did 1919 Eclipse prove the Theory of Relativity? | The Story of Gravity | Hindi | हिन्दी | |
| Video Uploader | Video From Astronomy Master |
| Upload Date | This Video Uploaded At 20-10-2019 12:33:59 |
| Video Discription | A hundred years ago, Albert Einstein wasn’t a household name. His rise to superstardom began on May 29, 1919, when the moon and sun lined up just right for a solar eclipse. Photos of the astronomical event showed something strange: A few of the stars visible during the blackout were in the wrong place. Einstein had foreseen this. Using his theory of general relativity, he made the seemingly crazy bet that the stars’ positions in the sky would shift during an eclipse, and even calculated by how much. “Stars moved by exactly the amount general relativity predicted,” says Mark Hurn, a departmental librarian at the University of Cambridge’s Institute of Astronomy. “It was the first experimental evidence for general relativity being on the right track.” Fortunately, a copy of Einstein’s theory wound up in the hands of Sir Arthur Eddington, director of the Cambridge Observatory, a math prodigy and devout Quaker. Ready to be imprisoned as a conscientious objector, Eddington, like Einstein, believed in pacifism. He also believed in Einstein and teamed up with Astronomer Royal Sir Frank Watson Dyson to persuade his nation to put relativity to the test. “Eddington was one of the few English-speaking scientists who had a thorough understanding of general relativity,” says Hurn. “It was seen as being very German, very incomprehensible — if not completely wacky — by a lot of people.” Well aware of how difficult photographing an eclipse could be, Eddington and Dyson planned two expeditions. Eddington headed for Príncipe, an island off the west coast of Africa, while a second team headed to Sobral in Brazil. The plan was to compare images of the stars taken during the eclipse with images of the same stars taken months later when they appeared in their normal places at night. According to Einstein’s now-corrected math, stars at the edge of the blotted-out sun would be displaced from their usual positions by a mere 1.75 arcseconds — about the thickness of a dime seen from a couple of miles away. Newton’s theory of gravity made a competing prediction, worked out in detail by a German astronomer in 1801. His math suggested a shift only half as large, based on the notion that the force of the sun’s gravity would pull on the distant stars’ light particles. When the fateful day arrived in May, Eddington’s Príncipe team faced bad weather. Thunderstorms rolled in, clouds obscured the sun, and all but two of their photographic plates proved worthless. But for Eddington, ever the true believer, what he saw in that pair of plates was enough to write his mother: “The one good plate that I measured gave a result agreeing with Einstein, and I think I have got a little confirmation from a second plate.” #astrophile #trending #einstein #newton #astronomy #space #universe #space #gravity #light |
| Category | Education |
| Tags | light | eclipse | solar | einstein | newton | bending of light | gravity | sun | earth | eddington | dyson | telescope | stars | star | starlight | sunlight | vacuum | disappear | edutok | astronomy | 1919 eclipse | may 29 1919 | 29 may 1919 | universe | space | solar eclipse | Arthur Eddington | albert einstein | frank dyson | cambridge |
