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Middle East wars - https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLUXfpu44ghbAYNhTt8uF44dh9qwRws7kt
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On May 14, 1948, Palestinian Jews established the State of Israel. The next day, the new nation was invaded by the combined armies of Egypt, Jordan, Syria, Lebanon, and Iraq, assisted by volunteer fighters from other Arab countries. The Arabs’ stated reasons for the invasion were: 1. to stop the violence and to restore law and order in Palestine, and 2. to allow the Palestinian people to form a government of their choice. Also cited by the Arabs was the displacement of Palestinian Arabs caused by Jewish aggression. As the nation of Israel was by now in existence, the resulting war was one fought by sovereign states.
TIMELINE
May 14, 1948 – The State of Israel is founded
May 15, 1948 – Israel is attacked by the combined armies of Egypt, Jordan, Syria, Lebanon, and Iraq, assisted by volunteer fighters from other Arab states
May 17, 1948 –Jordanian forces besiege Jerusalem, soon forcing the surrender of the Jewish defenders of the city
May 25, 1948 – Iraqi forces capture Geulim, Kfar Vona, and Ein Vered before being stopped by the Israelis at Netanya
May 26, 1948 – Israeli authorities merge the various small militias and a large Jewish paramilitary into a single Israeli Defense Forces, the country’s regular armed forces
June 6, 1948 – Syrian forces launch a second attack into Galilee in northern Palestine
June 11, 1948 – The United Nations (UN) impose a truce, which lasts for 28 days until July 8th
July 9, 1948 – Israeli forces launch an offensive aimed at opening a corridor from Tel-Aviv to eastern Palestine, in order to lift the siege on Jerusalem; the attack fails to break the solid Jordanian defenses in Jerusalem
July 12 – 14, 1948 – Egyptian offensives in Negba (on July 12th), Gal (on July 14th), and Be-erot Yitzhak are repulsed
July 16, 1948 – Israeli forces in northern Palestine capture Nazareth and the whole region of Lower Galilee extending from Haifa in the coastal west to the Sea of Galilee in the east
July 18, 1948 – The UN imposes a second truce, which lasts nearly three months until October 15, when fighting breaks out once more
September 22, 1948 – Israel passes a law that makes all captured territories an integral part of Israel, including those that would be won in the future
Fall of 1948 – The Israeli Defense Forces total 90,000 soldiers, greatly outnumbering the combined Arab expeditionary force
Mid-October 1948 – Israeli forces capture Egyptian-held Beersheba and Bayt Jibrin, eventually bringing the whole Negev came under Israeli control
October 1948 – The UN imposes a third truce; however, fighting continues in Marmon in northern Palestine.
October 24, 1948 – A powerful Israeli offensive captures the whole northern Galilee, forcing Syrian and Lebanese units to withdraw across their respective borders
Early November 1948 – Israeli forces penetrate five miles into Lebanon; Israel later withdraw from Lebanon after both countries sign an armistice at the end of the war
December 22, 1948 – Israeli forces attack Egyptian units positioned in the southern Negev, driving them across the Egyptian border after five days of fighting
January 3, 1949 – The Israelis surround Egyptian forces inside the Gaza Strip, prompting Egypt to agree to a ceasefire and ending fighting in the war
1949 – Israel signs separate armistices with Egypt (in February), Lebanon (in March), Jordan (in April), and Syria (in July) |