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"The Anabasis of Alexander," written by Arrian the Nicomedian in the 2nd century AD, is a historical account of the campaigns of Alexander the Great. This ancient Greek work is one of the most important sources for understanding the life and conquests of the famous Macedonian king.
Summary:
Arrian's "The Anabasis of Alexander" is a detailed and comprehensive account of Alexander the Great's military campaigns and conquests, from his accession to the throne of Macedonia in 336 BC to his untimely death in 323 BC. The term "anabasis" refers to an expedition or journey into the interior, and the work serves as a chronicle of Alexander's epic journey into the heart of the Persian Empire and beyond.
The book is organized into seven books, each of which covers a specific period in Alexander's life and campaigns:
Book 1: This section provides background information about Alexander's early life, his education by the philosopher Aristotle, and his ascension to the Macedonian throne following the assassination of his father, King Philip II. It also describes his initial campaigns in Greece and Asia Minor.
Book 2: Arrian covers Alexander's conquest of the Achaemenid Empire, including his victories at the Granicus River, Issus, and the capture of the important city of Tyre.
Book 3: This book describes Alexander's march into Egypt, where he was hailed as a liberator and declared pharaoh. It also chronicles his founding of the city of Alexandria and his journey to the Oracle of Ammon at Siwa.
Book 4: Arrian details Alexander's further conquests in Persia, including his decisive victory at Gaugamela, the fall of the Persian capital Persepolis, and his pursuit of Darius III.
Book 5: The narrative shifts to Alexander's campaigns in the eastern regions, including his encounters with various local leaders and battles in Central Asia, Sogdiana, and Bactria.
Book 6: This section covers the final phase of Alexander's campaigns, focusing on his incursion into India, the Battle of Hydaspes, and the mutiny of his troops at the Hyphasis River (Beas River), which ultimately forced him to turn back.
Book 7: The book concludes with Alexander's return to Babylon, his deteriorating health, and his death in 323 BC. Arrian provides an account of the power struggles among Alexander's generals, which ultimately led to the fragmentation of his empire and the beginning of the Hellenistic period.
Arrian's work is notable for its meticulous attention to detail, historical accuracy, and reliance on primary sources, including the lost works of Ptolemy, one of Alexander's generals and historians. Arrian's narrative is generally considered to be a reliable and authoritative source for the life and campaigns of Alexander the Great.
"The Anabasis of Alexander" not only serves as a historical account of one of the most remarkable military conquests in history but also provides valuable insights into the character and leadership of Alexander, as well as the world he helped shape through his campaigns and the subsequent Hellenistic era.
BOOK I. CHAPTER I. 00:00:00
BOOK II. CHAPTER I. 01:43:00
BOOK III. CHAPTER I. 03:08:27
BOOK IV. CHAPTER I. 04:43:04
BOOK V. CHAPTER I. 06:19:59
BOOK VI. CHAPTER I. 07:43:02
BOOK VII. CHAPTER I. 09:06:19
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