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| Name | Invasive shrubs of Wisconsin |
| Video Uploader | Video From Trees of Wisconsin |
| Upload Date | This Video Uploaded At 10-07-2020 17:02:19 |
| Video Discription | Dr. Catherine Woodward briefly explains the botanical characters for identifying glossy buckthorn, common buckthorn, and European honeysuckle, three common exotic invasive shrubs found in Wisconsin. Here are some tips for their identification: 1) Frangula alnus (glossy buckthorn; formerly known as Rhamnus frangula): - Characters: A multistemmed shrub with alternate, simple, entire leaves with distinct pinnate veins. Young stems green or reddish. Flowers and fruits clusters on short stalks in the axils of the leaves. Fruits are round, turning from green to yellow and orange to red and finally black. - Ecology and Range: Introduced from Europe and potentially invasive, especially in wet areas around the Great Lakes. Prefers wet sites. 2) Rhamnus cathartica (European buckthorn, common buckthorn) - Characters: A shrub or small tree. Leave subopposite, simple, with serrate margins and arching venation; dark green and shiny. Buds dark. Some twigs have a terminal thorn. Fruit a dark purple berry borne in clusters in axils or leaves. Bark dark grey, smooth with prominent lenticels. - Range: Europe and Asia, but aggressive exotic in ENA. Introduced as a hedge species. - Ecology: Tolerant of shade and poor soil. Can be very invasive in natural areas, especially those with severe disturbance (grazing, etc.) or in urban areas where it forms dense thickets that exclude wildflowers. Very difficulty to remove – cut stumps aggressively re-sprout and can have extensive seed bank. Leaves emerge early, blocking light for spring ephemerals, and shed late in fall. Alternate host to oat rust. 3) Lonicera x bella (European bush honeysuckle) - Characters: Shrub with opposite, simple, oblong/oval leaves with entire margins. Typically many stems sprouting from base, giving shrub a messy appearance. Bark tan and very shreddy. Pith hollow. Fruit a red to orange berry. - Range: L. morrowii (E. Asia) and L. tatarica (W. Asia) were both brought to NA and have hybridized to form L. x bella - a very aggressive invader in ENA. All three taxa invade natural areas, although L. x bella by far the predominant type in Wisconsin. - Ecology: Widespread planting of two parent taxa combined with bird dispersed fruits have led to widespread invasion of this species in ditches, waste areas and open woodlands. Problem compounded in 1970’s when it was widely planted to benefit wildlife. Fairly shade intolerant, often replaced by Rhamnus cathartica in woods. - Notes: In some places, parent taxa are still widely used in landscape plantings! |
| Category | Education |
| Tags | European honeysuckle | Lonicera x bella | Frangula alnus | glossy buckthorn | Rhamnus frangula | Rhamnus cathartica | common buckthorn | European buckthorn | exotic shrub | invasive | shrub | Wisconsin trees | tree identification |
