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108 Vaishnava Divyadesams (Abodes of Lord Vishnu) Divyaprabandham Pasurams
A Divya Desam or Vaishnava Divya Desam is one of the 108 Vishnu temples that are mentioned in the works of the Alvars (saints). ”Divya” means “divine” and “Desam” indicates “place of abode” (temple). Of the 108 temples, 105 are in India, one is in Nepal, and the last two are believed to be outside the Earthly realms. In India, they are spread over states of Tamil Nadu (84), Kerala (11), Andhra Pradesh (2), Gujarat (1), Uttar Pradesh (4), Uttarakhand (3). Muktinath, Saligramam is the only Divya Desam in Nepal. The Divya Desams are revered by the 12 Alvars in the Divya Prabandha, a collection of 4,000 Tamil verses. Divya Desams follow Thenkalai or Vadakalai modes of worship
The word azhwar in Tamil, means one who immerses oneself into the ocean of the countless attributes of god. Azhwars are considered the twelve supreme devotees of Vishnu, who were instrumental in popularising Vaishnavism during the 5th-8th centuries AD. The religious works of these saints in Tamil, songs of love and devotion, are compiled as Nalayira Divya Prabandham containing 4000 verses and the 108 temples revered in their songs are classified as Divya desam.
The saints had different origins and belonged to different castes. As per tradition, the first three azhwars(mudhal azhwargal ), Poigai, Bhutha and Pey were said to be born out of divinity. According to tradition, Tirumazhisai was the son of a sage, Thondaradi, Mathurakavi, Peria and Andal were from brahmin community, Kulasekhara from Kshatria community, Namm was from a cultivator family, Tirupana from panar /farmer-weaver community and Tirumangai from kalvar community.
Divya Suri Saritra by Garuda-Vahana Pandita (11th century AD), Guruparamparaprabhavam by Pinbaragiya Perumal Jeeyar, Periya tiru mudi adaivu by Anbillai Kandadiappan, Yatindra Pranava Prabavam by Pillai Lokacharya, commentaries on Divya Prabandam, Guru Parampara (lineage of Gurus) texts, temple records and inscriptions give a detailed account of the azhwars and their works. According to these texts, the saints were considered incarnations of some form of Vishnu.
List of 108 Divya Desam Temples
North India and Andhra Pradesh
Tirumala Venkateswara Temple – AP
Ahobilam – AP
Muktinath, Saligramam, Nepal
Naimisaranya – UP
Mathura – UP
Gokul – UP
Raghunathji Temple – UTK
Badrinath temple -UTK
Jyotirmath (Joshimutt) – UTK
Ayodhya – UP
Dwarka – Gujarat
Malai Nadu
Sri Padmanabhaswamy temple
Thirukatkarai
Moozhikkalam
Tiruvalla
Thirukadithanam
Sengunroor
Thiruppuliyoor
Thiruvaaranvilai
Thiruvanvandoor
Thiru naavaay
Viththuvakkodu
Madurai
Thirumeyyam
Thirukoshtiyur
Koodal Azhagar Temple
Azhagar Kovil
Tirumogoor
Srivilliputhur
Tiruththangal
Thiruppullani
Kanchipuram
Tirukkacchi
Ashtabujakaram
Tiruvekkaa
Tiruththanka
Tiruvelukkai
Tirukalvanoor
Tiru oorakam
Tiru neeragam
Tiru kaaragam
Tirukaarvaanam
Tiru parameswara vinnagaram
Tiru pavala vannam
Tiru paadagam
Nilathingal Thundam Perumal temple
Thiruputkuzhi
Chennai
Thiruvallikeni
Thiruneermalai
Thiruvidandai
Thirukadalmallai
Thiruninravur
Thiruvallur
Thirukkadigai
Mayiladuthurai and Sirkazhi
Thiruvazhunthoor
Thiruindaloor
Kazheesirama Vinnagaram
Thirukkavalampadi
Thiruchsemponsey
Thiruarimeya Vinnagaram
Thiru Vanpurushothamam
Thiruvaikunda vinnagaram
Thirumanimadam
Thiruthevanartthogai
Thiruthetriyambalam
Thirumanikkoodam
Thiruvellakkulam
Thiruppaarththanpalli
Thalai Sanga Nanmathiyam
Thiruchsirupuliyur
Thiruvali-Thirunagari
Thanjavur
Thiruccithra kootam
Thirukkannangudi
Thirunagai
Thiru Thanjai
Thirukkoodaloor
Thiru Kavith Thalam
Thiru Adhanoor
Thirupullabhoothangudi
Thirukkudandhai
Thiruccherai
Thirunandipura Vinnagaram
Thiru Naraiyoor
Thiruvinnagar
Thiruvelliyangudi
Thirukkanamangai
Thirukkkannapuram
Thiruvahithipuram
Tirukkoilur
Thirukkandiyur
Trichy
Sri Rangam
Thirukkozhi
Thirukkarambanoor
Thiruvellarai
Thiru Anbil
Thirupper Nagar
Tirunelveli
Thiruvaramangai
Thirukkurungudi
Srivaikundam
Thiruvaragunamangai
Thiruppulingudi
Thirukkurugoor
Thirutthulaivillimangalam
Thirukkoloor
Thirukkulandhai
Thentirupperai
Kanyakumari
Thiruvattaru
Thiruvanparisaram
Vinnulagam (Outside the Earthly realm)
Thirupalkkadal
Paramapadam
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